Desdobramentos do primeiro vestibular unificado para a identidade profissional da Enfermagem brasileira / Consequences from the first unified entrance exam for the professional identity of Brazilian Nursing / Consecuencias causadas por el primer examen de ingreso unificado para la identidad profesional de la Enfermería Brasileña

Objetivo: descrever o primeiro concurso de vestibular unificado em relação as carreiras biomédicas; analisar os desdobramentos do primeiro concurso de vestibular unificado para a identidade profissional da enfermagem. Método: estudo histórico-social, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como fontes 22 publicações sobre o vestibular de 1971 do Jornal dos Sports. Dados foram coletados de julho a setembro de 2021 e analisados pelo referencial de identidade profissional. Resultados: o vestibular unificado permitiu a entrada de 47 homens, pela primeira vez, e 33 mulheres. Majoritariamente não-classificados para medicina, a opção destes candidatos em matricular-se na opção secundária foi uma estratégia de vinculação a uma instituição federal o que atrasou o preenchimento das vagas ociosas e suscitou 11 chamadas reclassificatórias. Conclusão: o vestibular unificado dificultou o acesso ao curso de enfermagem por candidatos convictos da escolha profissional. Admitir candidatos cuja primeira escolha era medicina propiciou a evasão do curso.

Objective: to describe the first unified entrance exam in relation to biomedical careers; analyze the consequences of the first unified entrance exam for nursing professional identity. Method: historical-social, descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, which used as sources 22 publications about the 1971 entrance exam from Jornal dos Sports. Data were collected from July to September/2021 and analyzed using the professional identity framework. Results: The unified entrance exam allowed 47 men to enter, for the first time, and 33 women. Mostly unclassified for medicine, these candidates' choice to enroll in the secondary option was a strategy to link them to a federal institution, which delayed the filling of unfilled vacancies and led to 11 calls for reclassification. Conclusion: the unified entrance exam made it difficult for candidates convinced of their professional choice to access the nursing course. Admitting candidates whose first choice was medicine led to dropouts.

Objetivo: describir el primer examen unificado de ingreso con relación a las carreras biomédicas; analizar las consecuencias del primer examen unificado de ingreso a la universidad respecto a la identidad profesional de enfermería. Método: estudio histórico-social, descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, que utilizó como fuentes 22 publicaciones sobre el examen de ingreso de 1971 del Jornal dos Sports. Los datos se recopilaron de julio a septiembre de 2021 y se analizaron utilizando el marco de identidad profesional. Resultados: el examen de ingreso unificado permitió el acceso de 47 hombres, por primera vez, y 33 mujeres. En su mayoría no clasificados para medicina, la elección de estos candidatos de inscribirse en la segunda opción fue una estrategia para vincularse a una institución federal, lo que retrasó la ocupación de vacantes ociosas y generó 11 convocatorias de reclasificación. Conclusión: el examen de ingreso unificado dificultó el acceso a la carrera de enfermería a candidatos convictos de su elección profesional. La admisión de candidatos cuya primera opción era medicina condujo a la deserción del curso.

Uniforme e a imagem da enfermeira formada pela Escola de Enfermeiras Rachel Haddock Lobo / Uniform and the image of the nurse graduated from the Rachel Haddock Lobo Nursing School / Uniforme e imagen de la enfermera egresada de la Escuela de Enfermería Rachel Haddock Lobo

Objetivo: analisar os efeitos simbólicos dos uniformes utilizados pelas alunas da Escola de Enfermeiras Rachel Haddock Lobo. Método: estudo histórico-social, com corpus documental constituído de fontes orais, escritas e fotográficas que retratam os uniformes, no período de 1948 a 1951, que corresponde a inauguração da escola até a formação da primeira turma. A análise dos dados fundamentou-se nos conceitos de Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: as alunas utilizaram três tipos de uniformes: hospitalar, saúde pública e de enfermeira. Durante a formação, rituais como a recepção da touca e a diplomação institucionalizaram e solenizaram o uso do uniforme. As professoras utilizavam uniformes de sua escola de formação. Conclusão: os uniformes foram utilizados como estratégia desenvolvida pelas enfermeiras da Escola para o fortalecimento da imagem da enfermeira de alto padrão na sociedade.

Objective: to analyze the symbolic effects of the uniforms worn by students at the Rachel Haddock Lobo Nursing School. Method: historical-social study, with a documentary corpus consisting of oral, written and photographic sources that portray uniforms, from 1948 to 1951, which corresponds to the inauguration of the school until the formation of the first class. Data analysis was based on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts. Results: the students wore three types of uniforms: hospital, public health and nurse. During training, rituals such as receiving the cap and receiving diplomas institutionalized and solemnized the use of the uniform. The professors wore uniforms from their training school. Conclusion: uniforms were used as a strategy developed by the School's nurses to strengthen the image of high-standard nurses in society.

Objetivo: analizar los efectos simbólicos de los uniformes usados por las alumnas de la Escuela de Enfermería Rachel Haddock Lobo. Método: estudio histórico-social, con un corpus documental compuesto por fuentes orales, escritas y fotográficas que retratan uniformes, desde 1948 a 1951, que corresponde desde la inauguración del colegio hasta la formación del primer grupo. El análisis de los datos se basó en los conceptos de Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: las alumnas usaron tres tipos de uniforme: hospitalario, de salud pública y de enfermera. Durante la formación, rituales como recibir la cofia y el diploma institucionalizaron y solemnizaron el uso del uniforme. Las profesoras usaban uniformes de su escuela de formación. Conclusión: los uniformes fueron utilizados como una estrategia desarrollada por las enfermeras de la Escuela para fortalecer la imagen de la enfermería de alto estándar en la sociedad.

Storylines, metaphors, and solutions in the work-readiness literature: A frame analysis.

AIM: To investigate how the literature frames the reported poor work-readiness of new graduate nurses and the solutions it recommends. DESIGN: Critical frame analysis of work-readiness literature storylines. METHODS: Deductive and inductive analysis of work-readiness literature published 2016-2019. RESULTS: The three systematic reviews, literature review, and analysis of transition guidelines reinforced the belief that nursing graduates should be work-ready. In addition, the articles summarized service and academic innovations intended to assist newly qualified nurses transition to practice. CONCLUSION: The literature attributes perceived graduates' poor work-readiness to divergent faculty and employer expectations, personal deficiencies, defective learning environments, and poor workplace support. Internships, mentorship, academic-service partnerships, and curricular and pedagogical innovation are the dominant recommendations for reform. Workplace clinical education and training are not mechanisms for correcting graduates' work performance but essential activities for sustaining the nursing workforce. IMPACT: The study should encourage more use of frame analysis in nursing education research. Fact-checking storylines must be a priority for future studies. Research that clarifies the fault lines between advocates of work-readiness and dissident academic leaders has the potential to promote dialogue. Work-ready, theory-gap, and other deficit metaphors must be put aside for the debate because universities must not relinquish their responsibility for educating students for the 21st century.

Development of a Standardized Curriculum for Nursing Informatics in Korea.

OBJECTIVES: This study explored the current status of nursing informatics education in South Korea and developed a standardized curriculum for it. METHODS: Data were collected in two stages: first, an online survey conducted from December 2020 to February 2021 among 60 nursing schools to analyze the current status of nursing informatics education; and second, a two-round Delphi survey with 15 experts from March to April 2021 to determine the mean and standard deviation of the demand for each learning objective in nursing informatics education. A standardized curriculum proposal was developed based on the results of the two-round Delphi survey. RESULTS: Nursing informatics was most commonly taught in the fourth year (34%), with two credits. The proportion of elective major subjects was high in undergraduate and graduate programs (77.4% and 78.6%, respectively), while the proportion of nursing informatics majors was low (21.4%). The curriculum developed included topics such as nursing information system-related concepts, definitions and components of healthcare information systems, electronic medical records, clinical decision support systems, mobile technology and health management, medical information standards, personal information protection and ethics, understanding of big data, use of information technology in evidence-based practice, use of information in community nursing, genome information usage, artificial intelligence clinical information systems, administrative management systems, and information technology nursing education. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing informatics professors should receive ongoing training to obtain recent medical information. Further review and modification of the nursing informatics curriculum should be performed to ensure that it remains up-to-date with recent developments.

Knowledge of final year undergraduate nursing students about HIV and AIDS in Eswatini.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are overwhelming health issues globally. They have caused many devastating and draining health issues, which have escalated a critical need for a well-trained and sustainable healthcare workforce in order to meet the needs of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Health science students are the future healthcare providers who will implement proper preventive measures, as well as health educational and promotional sessions to promote information and knowledge among the public regarding HIV and AIDS in Eswatini. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 final-year undergraduate nursing students in three nursing universities in Eswatini. A questionnaire adapted from Othman and Ali in Malaysia with closed-ended questions was modified and used to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of questions on the virus structure, transmission, prevention and management of HIV and AIDS. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was utilised to analyse the data. RESULTS: The level of knowledge about HIV and AIDS was high, as evidenced by a mean score and standard deviation of (91.02 ± 5.00). However, there were low scores on questions related to the transmission of the disease. CONCLUSION: Across all three universities in Eswatini, there were good nursing education programmes on HIV and AIDS, evidenced by the high knowledge level about HIV and AIDS. However, there are still some knowledge gaps on HIV and AIDS transmission and management that need to be attended to.Contribution: This study contributed by providing knowledge of undergraduate nursing students' HIV and AIDS training and management of PLWHA.

The lasting effects of historical racial divides in nursing education: A case study examining holistic admission policies development.

BACKGROUND: Historically, in the United States, nursing programs reflected practices that systematically discriminated against Black students and nurses. OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated historical nursing school admission policies to determine if racist practices existed that impeded Black students' ability to access formal nurse training programs. This study further examined whether those historical discriminating practices continue to exist in schools of nursing today and if admission policies in a Southern School of Nursing contributed to inequitable admission of students. Current recommendations for increasing diversity, equity and inclusion in nursing schools will be addressed. METHODS: This study combines social-historical archival research with a case study of the racial breakdown of applied versus admitted nursing students at a Southern university. RESULTS: School of Nursing admission data (2019-2021) demonstrate discrepancies in the distribution of admitted students by race, reflecting the ongoing effects of systematic discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: In the United States, the nursing profession is pursuing strategies to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. However, the lingering effects of policies that systematically built barriers keeping underrepresented groups from earning a nursing education persist. Holistic admission is one way that nursing programs can address this inequity.

[Examination in times of Corona: A cross-sectional study on the use of digital media and the implementation of examinations in nursing education]. / Prüfen in Zeiten von Corona.

Examination in times of Corona: A cross-sectional study on the use of digital media and the implementation of examinations in nursing education Abstract. Background: In the pandemic, performance assessments had to be carried out under new conditions during the school closures. The aim of vocational nursing education is to develop competence to act. So far, there are no empirical findings on learning assessments and final examinations under pandemic conditions. Aim: The study aims to record the mode of performance assessments under the changed conditions. Methods: Written online survey of teachers at nursing schools in Germany. The collected data were analysed descriptively and inferentially using Chi-Square tests, and subjected to an integrative content analysis. Results: 884 nursing schools were contacted, 430 questionnaires from 179 responding schools (school-related response rate: 20,2%) could be evaluated. PCs or laptops are mostly used to check learning levels (n = 222). 205 participants do not use digital media for this purpose. Digital media are also used for the oral (n = 108) and written (n = 116) parts of the final examination; various organisational and hygiene measures are taken for face-to-face examinations. The practical part is often conducted in new formats (OSCE, simulation). Conclusions: Based on the results, it remains unclear to what extent competence orientation of vocational nursing education is implemented with digital support in examinations. The practical examination in particular seems to pose a special challenge for all those involved.

Estudo histórico-documental na revista Annaes de Enfermagem (1932-1988): mapeando produções e conhecimentos científicos de enfermagem / Estudio histórico-documental de la revista Annaes de Enfermagem (1932-1988): mapeando producciones y conocimientos científicos de enfermería / A Historical-documentary Study of the Journal Annaes de Enfermagem (1932­1988): Mapping Productions and Scientific Knowledge of Nursing

Objetivo: descrever e analisar produções de enfermagem, no Brasil, que circularam na revista Annaes de Enfermagem, entre 1932 e 1988. Método: pesquisa historiográfica de cunho bibliométrico, cujas fontes primárias foram textos da referida revista, analisados de maneira mista: quantitativa e qualitativamente. Resultados: as análises indicaram número expressivo de publicações por autores anônimos; predominância de autoria feminina; relativa conexão entre as carreiras e as atuações das autoras e suas relações com a produção circulante nos Annaes; espaço exclusivo para enfermeiras diplomadas socializarem suas produções; e um esforço de definição da profissão, redefinindo-a como "moderna e científica". Conclusão: as produções que circularam, no periódico, focalizavam qualificar a formação da enfermeira e institucionalizar leis que garantissem a defesa da classe profissional e de seus interesses socioeconômicos. As discussões representaram preocupações do coletivo de pensamento, ao eleger os "problemas de enfermagem" que conformavam sua profissionalização.

Objective: To describe and analyze nursing productions published in the journal Annaes de Enfermagem between 1932 and 1988 in Brazil. Method: A bibliometric and historiographic study, where primary sources were texts from the cited journal, analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The analysis indicated a significant number of publications by anonymous authors, predominant female authorship, connections between the careers and activities of the authors and their relationships with the productions published in the Annaes de Enfermagem, an exclusive space for graduate nurses to socialize their production and an effort to define the profession, redefining it as "modern and scientific." Conclusion: The productions published in the journal focused on qualifying the nurse's education and institutionalizing laws that would defend the nursing profession and its socioeconomic interests. The discussions represent concerns of the collective thought by electing the "nursing problems" that shaped its professionalization.

Objetivo: describir y analizar las producciones escritas en enfermería, en Brasil, que circularon en la revista Annaes de Enfermagem, entre 1932 y 1988. Método: investigación historiográfica de carácter bibliométrico, cuyas fuentes primarias fueron textos de la revista, analizados de forma mixta: cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Resultados: los análisis indicaron un número significativo de publicaciones de autores anónimos; predominio de autoría femenina; conexión relativa entre las carreras y actividades de los autores y su relación con la producción escrita que circulaba en los Annaes; espacio exclusivo para que los enfermeros graduados socialicen sus escritos; y un esfuerzo por definir la profesión, redefiniéndola como "moderna y científica". Conclusión: las producciones escritas que circularon en la revista se centraron en la cualificación de la formación de la enfermera y en la institucionalización de leyes que aseguraran la defensa de la clase profesional y de sus intereses socioeconómicos. Las discusiones representaban preocupaciones del colectivo de pensamiento, al elegir los "problemas de enfermería" que conformaban su profesionalización.

Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo e a enfermagem brasileira / Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo and the brazilian nursing / Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo y enfermería brasileña

Este estudo de abordagem em micro-história, tem delimitação temporal em 1908, quando Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo foi eleito presidente da Cruz Vermelha Brasileira a 1918, sua saída da instituição. Foi realizado na hemeroteca digital da Biblioteca Nacional e foram encontradas notícias nos jornais Correio da Manhã e O Paiz que apontaram a criação da escola de enfermeiras voluntárias em 1914 e em 1916, a escola de enfermeiras práticas. A gestão do marechal coincidiu com a Primeira Guerra Mundial e a notícia do curso de padioleiros indica o interesse em formar profissionais para a guerra. As notícias também indicam a aquisição do terreno que hoje encontra-se a sede. Em 1918, durante a epidemia de gripe espanhola, foi tomada a iniciativa pioneira de abrir uma enfermaria nas dependências da instituição. Essa gestão conquistou o espaço social, político e sanitário demarcando a história, devido as suas iniciativas voltadas para profissionalização da enfermagem

This study of approach in micro-history, has temporal delimitation in 1908, when Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo was elected president of Brazilian Red Cross to 1918, his departure from this institution. It was held in the digital library of the Biblioteca Nacional and news was found in the newspaper Correio da Manhã and O Paiz that pointed to the creation of the school of volunteer nurses in 1914 and in 1916, the school of pratical nurses. The marshal's administration coincided with the World War I and the news about the course of paddlers indicate the interest in training professionals for the war. The news also indicates the acquisition of the land that today is the headquarters. In 1918, during the Spanish flu epidemic, the pioneering initiative was taken to open a war on the institution ́s premises. This management conquered the social, political and sanitary space demarcating history, due to its initiatives aimed at professionalizing nursing

Este estudio de abordaje en microhistoria, tiene delimitación temporal en 1908, cuando Gregório Thaumaturgo de Azevedo fue elegido presidente de la Cruz Roja Brasileña en 1918, su salida de la institución. Se llevó a cabo en la biblioteca digital de la Biblioteca Nacional y se encontraron noticias en los periódicos Correio da Manhã y O Paiz que apuntaban a la creación de la escuela de enfermeras voluntarias en 1914 y en 1916, la escuela de enfermeras prácticas. La administración del mariscal coincidió con la Primera Guerra Mundial y la noticia sobre el rumbo de los palistas indica el interés en formar profesionales para la guerra. La noticia también indica la adquisición del terreno que hoy es la sede. En 1918, durante la epidemia de gripe española, se tomó la iniciativa pionera de abrir un pabellón en las instalaciones de la institución. Esta gestión conquistó el espacio social, político y sanitario que demarca la historia, por sus iniciativas encaminadas a la profesionalización de la enfermería

Signos do vestuário de enfermeira na formatura / Señales de ropa de enfermería en la formatura / Signs of the nurse's clothing at graduation

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os uniformes usados na cerimônia de formatura de enfermeiras e seus significados para a identidade profissional. Método Estudou-se uma escola de enfermagem de Minas Gerais, no período de 1947 até 1964. Pesquisa qualitativa, histórico-social, mediante a qual foram analisados documentos escritos, fotográficos e orais, considerando as bases conceituais de identidade profissional, do sociólogo Claude Dubar, e de vestuário e seus significados simbólicos, de Roland Barthes. Resultados O uniforme das enfermeiras, usado na formatura, possuía signos de identidade institucional e profissional. Foi constituído pelo clássico vestido branco, com touca e outros acessórios. Conclusões e implicações para a prática O uniforme de formatura de enfermeiras correspondeu aos avanços da moda e da cientificidade, configurando-se uma marca na construção do papel e consolidação da identidade profissional, contribuindo para a identificação de uma categoria profissional em formação.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar los uniformes utilizados en la ceremonia de graduación de enfermeras y sus significados para la identidad profesional. Método Se estudió una escuela de enfermería de Minas Gerais, relativo al periodo de 1947 a 1964. Investigación cualitativa, histórico-social, en la que se analizaron documentos escritos, fotográficos y orales, considerando las bases conceptuales de la identidad profesional, del sociólogo Claude Dubar, y de vestuario y sus significados simbólicos, de Roland Barthes. Resultados El uniforme de las enfermeras, utilizado en la graduación, presentaba señales de identidad institucional y profesional. Consistía en el clásico vestido blanco, con gorra y otros complementos. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica El uniforme de graduación de enfermeras correspondió a los avances de moda y cientificidad, convirtiéndose en una marca en la construcción y consolidación de la identidad profesional, contribuyendo para la identificación de una categoría profesional en formación.

Abstract Objective to analyze the uniforms used in the graduation ceremony of nurses and their meanings for professional identity. Method A nursing school in Minas Gerais was studied from the period of 1947 to 1964. Qualitative, social-historical research, through which written, photographic and oral documents were analyzed, considering the conceptual bases of professional identity, by the sociologist Claude Dubar, and of clothing and its symbolic meanings, by Roland Barthes. Results The nurses' uniform used at graduation had institutional and professional identity signs. It consisted of the classic white dress, with a cap and other accessories. Conclusions and implications for practice The nurse's graduation uniform corresponded to the advances in fashion and scientificity, becoming a mark in the construction of the role and a consolidation of professional identity, contributing to the identification of a professional category in training.

Knowledge of final year undergraduate nursing students about HIV and AIDS in Eswatini

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are overwhelming health issues globally. They have caused many devastating and draining health issues, which have escalated a critical need for a well-trained and sustainable healthcare workforce in order to meet the needs of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Health science students are the future healthcare providers who will implement proper preventive measures, as well as health educational and promotional sessions to promote information and knowledge among the public regarding HIV and AIDS in Eswatini. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 final-year undergraduate nursing students in three nursing universities in Eswatini. A questionnaire adapted from Othman and Ali in Malaysia with closed-ended questions was modified and used to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of questions on the virus structure, transmission, prevention and management of HIV and AIDS. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was utilised to analyse the data. Results: The level of knowledge about HIV and AIDS was high, as evidenced by a mean score and standard deviation of (91.02 ± 5.00). However, there were low scores on questions related to the transmission of the disease. Conclusion: Across all three universities in Eswatini, there were good nursing education programs on HIV and AIDS, evidenced by the high knowledge level about HIV and AIDS. However, there are still some knowledge gaps on HIV and AIDS transmission and management that need to be attended to contribution: This study contributed by providing knowledge of undergraduate nursing students' HIV and AIDS training and management of PLWHA.

Ocorrência de estresse entre acadêmicos de Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior / Ocurrencia de estrés entre estudiantes de Enfermería en una institución de educación superior / Occurrence of stress among nursing students at a higher education institution

Objetivo: investigar a ocorrência de estresse entre acadêmicos de Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior privada do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Materiais e método: estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 34 acadêmicos de Enfermagem de uma faculdade privada do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre agosto e setembro de 2019 a partir de um questionário autoaplicável. Resultados: observouse maioria de participantes do gênero feminino (82,35 %), na faixa etária entre 20 e 25 anos (76,47 %), solteira (67,65 %) e residente em ciudades circunvizinhas (58,81 %). As situações que apareceram com maior frequência como muito estressantes foram: a distância entre a maioria dos campos de estágio/ensino clínico e o local de moradia, o transporte utilizado para chegar ao local do estágio/ensino clínico, a falta de tempo para descanso e o transporte utilizado para chegar à faculdade. Conclusões: a graduação em Enfermagem é um ambiente com presença de fatores que colaboram para a ocorrência de estresse; as situações mais estressantes são de acesso físico e planejamento da rotina estudantil. Nesse sentido, é importante buscar estratégias que visem minimizar as fontes geradoras de estresse, com a intenção de melhorar a qualidade de vida e tornar o aprendizado prazeroso.

Objetivo: investigar la ocurrencia de estrés entre los estudiantes de Enfermería en una institución priva-da de educación superior en el norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Materiales y método: estudio descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo, realizado con 34 estudiantes de Enfermería de una facultad privada en el norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Los datos se recopilaron entre agosto y septiembre de 2019 a partir de un cuestionario autoadministrado. Resultados: la mayoría de participantes fue de género femenino (82,35 %), con edades entre 20 y 25 años (76,47 %), soltera (67,65 %) y con vivienda en ciudades aledañas (58,81 %). Las situaciones que aparecieron con mayor frecuencia como muy estresantes fueron: la distancia entre la mayoría de los campos de pasantía/enseñanza clínica y el lugar de residencia, el transporte utilizado para llegar al lugar de pasantía/enseñanza clínica, la falta de tiempo para descansar y el transporte utilizado para llegar a la facultad. Conclusiones: el pregrado de Enfermería es un entorno con la presencia de factores que contribuyen a la aparición del estrés; las situaciones más estresantes son el acceso físico y la planificación de la rutina del alumno. En este sentido, es importante buscar estrategias que tengan como objetivo minimizar las fuentes que generan estrés, con la intención de mejorar la calidad de vida y hacer que el aprendizaje sea agradable.

Objective: To examine the occur-rence of stress among nursing students at a private higher education institution in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Materials and method:Descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative study carried out with 34 nursing students at a private faculty in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected between August and September 2019 using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Most participants were female students (82.35 %), aged 20 to 25 years (76.47 %), single (67.65 %), and residents of the surrounding cities (58.81 %). The situations most frequently identified as highly stressful were: the distance between most of the internship/clinical teaching fields and the place of residence, transportation used to reach the internship/clinical teaching location, lack of time to rest, and the transportation used to get to the faculty. Conclusions: Undergraduate nursing is an environment with the presence of factors that contrib-ute to the occurrence of stress. The most stressful situations are physical access to certain locations and the planning of student's routine. In this sense, it is important to look for strategies that aim to minimize the sources that generate stress, with the intention of improving the quality of life of students and making learning more enjoyable.

Palliative care in adult intensive care units: A nationwide survey.

BACKGROUND: There are no data on the provision of palliative nursing care in Egyptian adult intensive care units (ICUs). The Palliative and End-Of-Life (PEOL) Care Index is reliable and content valid; however, its construct and criterion validities have not been examined. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: First, to assess palliative care education, practice, and perceived competence among adult ICU nurses in Egypt. Second, to explore factors related to palliative care nursing practice and perceived competence. Third, to assess the construct and criterion validities of the PEOL Care Index. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. METHODS: Nurse managers and staff nurses in 33 adult ICUs completed self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaires assessed nurses' palliative care practice and perceived competence. A multilevel regression analysis was used to determine the best predictors of palliative care practice and perceived competence. Theory evidence construct validity and predictive criterion validity of the PEOL Care Index were examined. RESULTS: Thirty-three nurse managers and 403 staff nurses participated in the study-response rate = 100% and 72.5%, respectively. On a 0-100 scale, the mean scores of undergraduate education, practice, and perceived competence were 54.0 ± 18.7, 49.7 ± 18.1, and 54.5 ± 17.0, respectively. Palliative care practice was significantly related to receiving in-service training on palliative care or end-of-life care (regression coefficients: 3.39), higher job satisfaction (0.97), and higher organizational support (1.85). Palliative care perceived competence was significantly related to older nurses' age (0.20), higher job satisfaction (0.97), and higher palliative care undergraduate education (0.63). CONCLUSIONS: Palliative care education, practice, and perceived competence among adult ICU nurses in Egypt are inadequate, especially in terms of spiritual and cultural care. The PEOL Care Index is construct and criterion valid. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Palliative care education should begin in nursing schools and extend through clinical in-services. Guidelines should be developed to maximize staff collaboration and the utilization of chaplains in ICUs.

Higher education privatization in Nursing in Brazil: profile, challenges and trends / A privatização do ensino superior em enfermagem no Brasil: perfil, desafios e tendências / Privatización de la educación superior en enfermería en Brasil: perfil, desafíos y tendencias

Objective: this study aims to analyze and characterize the movement of expansion of Nursing undergraduate courses in Brazil since the 1990s. The characteristics of this expansion are discussed, as well as the socio-political setting where such movement occurred, and the quality of education available based on the data collected. Method: this is a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quali-quantitative approach, with the use of secondary databases. Results: an accelerated and disordered growth of Nursing undergraduate courses was identified, as well as the number of vacancies, especially due to the participation of the private sector, especially since the year 2000. Geographical inequalities in the distribution of these courses and vacancies were also identified. Conclusion: the strong expansion of higher education in Nursing, along with other health professions, resulted in the strengthening of private higher education institutions associated with economic groups, regional concentration, as well as the excessive offer of distance learning without adequate evaluation of its quality or repercussions.

Objetivo: o presente estudo visa analisar e caracterizar o movimento de expansão dos cursos de graduação de enfermagem no Brasil a partir dos anos 90. Discutem-se as características desta expansão, o cenário sócio-político em que ocorreu tal movimento, bem como a qualidade do ensino disponível com base nos dados coletados. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quali-quantitativa, com o uso de bases de dados secundárias. Resultados: foi identificado um crescimento acelerado e desordenado dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem, bem como do número de vagas, devido especialmente à participação do setor privado, em especial a partir do ano 2000. Desigualdades geográficas na distribuição desses cursos e vagas também foram identificadas. Conclusão: a forte expansão do ensino superior em enfermagem, ao lado de outras profissões de saúde, resultou no fortalecimento de instituições privadas de ensino superior associadas a grupos econômicos, na concentração regional, bem como na oferta excessiva da modalidade de ensino a distância sem avaliação adequada de sua qualidade ou repercussões.

Objetivo: el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar y caracterizar el movimiento de expansión de las carreras de grado en enfermería en Brasil a partir de la década del 90. Se discuten las características de esta expansión, el escenario sociopolítico en el que ocurrió este movimiento, así como la calidad de la educación disponible según los datos recopilados. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, utilizando bases de datos secundarias. Resultados: se identificó un crecimiento acelerado y desordenado de las carreras de licenciatura en enfermería, así como el número de cupos, debido fundamentalmente a la participación del sector privado, especialmente a partir del año 2000. También se identificaron desigualdades geográficas en la distribución de las carreras y los cupos. Conclusión: la fuerte expansión de la educación superior en enfermería, junto con otras profesiones de la salud, favoreció el fortalecimiento de las instituciones privadas de educación superior asociadas a grupos económicos, la concentración regional y la oferta excesiva de educación a distancia sin la correcta evaluación de calidad o de las repercusiones.

Estudantes de enfermagem no movimento estudantil nos anos 1940 / Estudiantes de enfermería en el movimiento estudiantil de la década de 1940 / Nursing students in the student movement in the 1940s

Objetivos: descrever as situações que evidenciam a participação de um grupo de estudantes da Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery no movimento estudantil dos anos 1940; analisar as implicações dessas participações no cotidiano da escola. Método: histórico; as fontes diretas incluíram documentos escritos do Centro de Documentação da EEAN/UFRJ e as fontes indiretas, bibliografias pertinentes à temática do estudo. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: evidências de participação no movimento estudantil no cotidiano da Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery e o tom da participação das estudantes no movimento estudantil. Discussão: a análise dos dados permitiu evidenciar que a as ações das estudantes envolvidas em movimentos comunistas podem ser consideradas circunstâncias que acarretaram interferências na estrutura social da escola. Conclusão: A participação de algumas estudantes da Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery no movimento estudantil foi de encontro aos valores defendidos pela escola, o que desorganizou partes orgânicas do cotidiano da instituição, tais como: a organização do trabalho, atividades sociais e lazer.

Objectives: to describe the situations that show the participation of a group of students from the Anna Nery School of Nursing in the student movement of the 1940s; to analyze the implications of these participations in the school's daily life. Method: historical; direct sources included written documents from the Documentation Center of EEAN/UFRJ and the indirect sources, bibliographies pertinent to the theme of the study. Results: Two categories emerged: evidence of participation in the student movement in the daily life of the Anna Nery School of Nursing and the tone of the students' participation in the student movement. Discussion: data analysis showed that the actions of students involved in communist movements can be considered circumstances that caused interference in the social structure of the school. Conclusion: The participation of some students from the Anna Nery School of Nursing in the student movement went against the values defended by the school, which disorganized organic parts of the institution's daily life, such as: the organization of work, social activities, and leisure.

Objetivos: describir las situaciones que muestran la participación de un grupo de estudiantes de la Escuela de Enfermería Anna Nery en el movimiento estudiantil de los años 40; analizar las implicaciones de estas participaciones en la vida cotidiana de la escuela. Método: histórico; las fuentes directas incluyeron documentos escritos del Centro de Documentación da EEAN/UFRJ y las indirectas, bibliografías pertinentes al tema del estudio. Resultados: Surgieron dos categorías: la evidencia de la participación del movimiento estudiantil en la vida cotidiana de la Escuela de Enfermería Anna Nery y el tono de la participación de los estudiantes en el movimiento estudiantil. Discusión: el análisis de los datos mostró que las acciones de los estudiantes involucrados en los movimientos comunistas pueden ser consideradas como circunstancias que causaron interferencia en la estructura social de la escuela. Conclusión: La participación de algunos alumnos de la Escuela de Enfermería Anna Nery en el movimiento estudiantil fue contraria a los valores defendidos por la escuela, lo que desorganizó partes orgánicas de la vida cotidiana de la institución, tales como: la organización del trabajo, las actividades sociales y el ocio.

Enfermeiros e escolas de enfermagem nos anuários da Universidade de Coimbra, de 1866 a 1956 / Nurses and nursing schools in the yearbooks of the University of Coimbra, from 1866 to 1956 / Enfermeros y escuelas de enfermería en los anuarios de la Universidad de Coímbra, de 1866 a 1956

Contexto: O final do século XIX e o início do século XX é um período de profundas transformações nas instituições de assistência e nos seus profissionais. Objetivo: Conhecer este período da história da enfermagem em Portugal. Analisar os anuários da Universidade de Coimbra, considerando-os como fonte primária. Metodologia: Análise descritiva histórica de 73 anuários, com levantamento de fontes e construção de síntese descritiva e interpretativa. Resultados: Verificámos a concentração de material nos anos 1896 a 1927. A análise, sintetizou 4 tópicos: 1) nomes e funções dos enfermeiros; 2) os enfermeiros, no decreto de reforma dos Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, em 1911, o quadro e os vencimentos em 1915-16; 3) enfermeiros hípicos e militares em 1915-16 e 1917-18; 4) a escola de enfermagem de 1919-20 a 1926-27 e os professores universitários. Conclusão: Encontrámos 104 nomes de enfermeiros, com funções definidas, considerados pessoal auxiliar e não pessoal clínico. O enfermeiro chefe surge com destaque. Aparece a escola de enfermagem dos hospitais da universidade, com a identificação dos professores universitários regentes.

Background: The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century combine a period of profound transformations in care institutions and their professionals. Objective: To know this period of nursing history in Portugal, analyze the yearbooks of the University of Coimbra, considering them as the primary source. Methodology: Descriptive historical analysis of 73 yearbooks, with a survey of sources and construction of descriptive and interpretative synthesis. Results: The available material was centered on the years 1896 to 1927. The analysis synthesized 4 topics: 1) names and functions of nurses; 2) nurses, in the decree of the reform of the Hospitals of the University of Coimbra, in 1911, the staff and salaries in 1915-16; 3) equine veterinary nurses and military nurses in 1915-16 and 1917-18; 4) the nursing school from 1919-20 to 1926-27 and university professors. Conclusion: We found 104 names with defined functions, considered as auxiliary staff and non-clinical personnel. The head nurse comes out prominently. The nursing school of the university hospitals appears, with the identification of the university head teachers.

Contexto: El final del siglo XIX y el comienzo del siglo XX es un período de profundas transformaciones en las instituciones de asistencia y en sus profesionales. Objetivo: Conocer este período de la historia de la enfermería en Portugal. Analizar los anuarios de la Universidad de Coímbra, considerándolos como una fuente primaria. Metodología: Análisis descriptivo histórico de 73 anuarios, con estudio de las fuentes y construcción de síntesis descriptivas e interpretativas. Resultados: Comprobamos la concentración de material de los años comprendidos entre 1896 y 1927. El análisis resumió 4 temas: 1) nombres y funciones de los enfermeros; 2) los enfermeros en el decreto de reforma de los Hospitales Universitarios de Coímbra en 1911, el equipo y los sueldos en 1915-16; 3) los enfermeros ecuestres y militares en 1915-16 y 1917-18; 4) la escuela de enfermería de 1919-20 a 1926-27 y los profesores universitarios. Conclusión: Encontramos 104 nombres de enfermeros, con funciones definidas, considerados personal auxiliar y no personal clínico. El enfermero jefe aparece destacado. Aparece la escuela de enfermería de los hospitales universitarios, con la identificación de los profesores universitarios a cargo.

Development and validation of the shared governance feasibility instrument in nursing schools in Iran.

ABSTRACT: To develop and validate a shared governance feasibility instrument in schools of nursing in Iran with respect to the nature of the profession and the sociocultural context of the Iranian community. BACKGROUND: Nursing schools are liable to the application of shared governance due to the presence of various expert educational groups within the school that necessitates reciprocal cooperation. Since the concept of shared governance is culture-based and given that no full-fledged study has been conducted on shared governance in Iran, the development of a suitable shared governance feasibility instrument is rendered as mandatory. METHODS: This sequential exploratory mixed-method study consisted of two qualitative and quantitative parts was accomplished 2016-2019. First, the primary items were extracted through an extensive review of the literature, qualitative interviews and underwent psychometric validation using a methodological approach. Face, content, construct validity and reliability of the instrument was established and completed. RESULTS: One hundred fifty items were distilled from the first stage of the study, was reduced to 70 after establishing face, content validity and primary reliability. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in 52 items covering the two factors "shared atmosphere and culture" and "infrastructural prerequisites". These two factors accounted for 78.6% of the total variance of the questionnaire. In calculating the final reliability coefficient of the instrument, Cronbach's alpha and Omega were 0.981 and 0.805, respectively. The results showed an ICC of 0.91 indicating high reliability of the developed instrument with a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 10.43. Finally, the items underwent weighting via scoring by considering item weights due to differences between the two methods. CONCLUSION: "Shared governance feasibility instrument" can provide a new insight into organisational performance for all policy-makers and beneficiaries of higher education. This not only leads to the use of intelligence and capabilities of the beneficiaries, but also aids in faster movement toward achieving organisational goals. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: This study and the developed instrument may serve as a guide for the feasibility of implementing shared governance to assess management styles and performance in higher education centers.

Strategies for sustaining and enhancing nursing students' engagement in academic and clinical settings: a narrative review.

Students' engagement in academic-related learning activities is one of the important determinants of students' success. Identifying the best teaching strategies to sustain and promote nursing students' engagement in academic and clinical settings has always been a challenge for nurse educators. Hence, it is essential to provide a set of strategies for maintaining and enhancing the academic engagement of nursing students. The purpose of this review was to explore and summarize the strategies that nurse educators use to sustain and promote nursing students' engagement in academic and clinical settings. A narrative literature review was conducted. CINAHL (nursing content), ProQuest, Medline, the Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched. Of 1,185 retrieved articles, 32 teaching strategies were identified and extracted from the nursing literature. We used thematic analysis approach to organize these strategies into five main categories as follows: technology-based strategies (15 articles), collaborative strategies (10 articles), simulation-based strategies (two articles), research-based strategies (two articles), and miscellanea learning strategies (three articles). As a general comment, these strategies have the potential to promote nursing students' engagement. Among the strategies discussed in this review, the use of technology, particularly the response system and online learning, was more common among nursing educators, which is in line with today's advances in smart technologies. The collection presented in this review can be used as a starting point for future research to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the academic engagement of nursing students. Nevertheless, due to the lack of experimental studies, the optimal strategies remain to be elucidated through future high-quality experimental study.

Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa: da criação à inauguração (1943-1945) / Aurora de Afonso Costa Nursing School: from its creation to its inauguration (1943-1945) / Escuela de Enfermería Aurora de Afonso Costa: desde la creación hasta la inauguración (1943-1945)

OBJETIVO: Analisar o processo de criação da Escola de Enfermagem do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EEERJ), atual Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF). MÉTODO: Estudo histórico de abordagem qualitativa. Fontes: relatórios, atas, legislações, notícias de jornais dos acervos da EEAAC/UFF, da Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery/UFRJ e da Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz. Análise por triangulação das fontes. RESULTADOS: Criada em 19/04/1944 e inaugurada em 01/02/1945, foram estratégias de criação: escolha de Niterói; estruturação equivalente à Escola Oficial Padrão, nomeação de uma ex-aluna e ex-professora desta como diretora; autoridades nas cerimônias oficiais. DISCUSSÃO: A insuficiência de profissionais, a qualidade do ensino, a disciplina rigorosa e a influência política de Alzira Vargas concorreram para implantação em curtíssimo tempo e aproveitamento de ganhos simbólicos. CONCLUSÃO: Sua criação contribuiu ao reconhecimento profissional e social advindos da participação em um projeto que colaboraria para o desenvolvimento do país.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the creation process of the Rio de Janeiro State Nursing School (Escola de Enfermagem do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, EEERJ), currently the Aurora de Afonso Costa Nursing School (Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa, EEAAC/UFF). METHOD: A historical study with a qualitative approach. Sources: reports, minutes, legislation, news from newspapers of the collections of the EEAAC/UFF, of the Anna Nery Nursing School/UFRJ, and of the Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz. Triangulation analysis of the sources. RESULTS: Created on 04/19/1944 and inaugurated on 02/01/1945, the creation strategies were the following: choosing the city of Niterói; structuring equivalent to the Official Standard School, appointment of a former student and former professor as principal; authorities at official ceremonies. DISCUSSION: The insufficiency of professionals; the quality of teaching; the strict discipline and political influence of Alzira Vargas contributed to the implementation in a very short time and to take advantage of symbolic gains. CONCLUSION: Its creation contributed to the professional and social recognition arising from the participation in a project that would collaborate for the development of the country.

OBJETIVO: Analizar el proceso de creación de la Escuela de Enfermería del Estado de Rio de Janeiro (EEERJ), actual Escuela de Enfermería Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF). MÉTODO: Estudio histórico con enfoque cualitativo. Fuentes: informes, actas, legislación, noticias de periódicos de las colecciones de la EEAAC/UFF, la Escuela de Enfermería Anna Nery/UFRJ y la Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz. Análisis de triangulación de fuentes. RESULTADOS: Creada el 19/04/1944 e inaugurada el 01/02/1945, fueron estrategias de creación: elección de Niterói; estructuración equivalente a la Escuela Oficial Estándar (en portugués, Escola Oficial Padrão), nombramiento de una exalumna y exmaestra como directora; autoridades en ceremonias oficiales. DISCUSIÓN: La insuficiencia de profesionales; la calidad de la enseñanza; la disciplina estricta e influencia política de Alzira Vargas contribuyeron a la implementación en tiempo muy corto y al aprovechamiento de las ganancias simbólicas. CONCLUSIÓN: Su creación contribuyó al reconocimiento profesional y social derivado de la participación en un proyecto que colaboraría para el desarrollo del país.

The impacts of faculty caring on nursing students' intent to graduate: A systematic literature review.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the current studies about the impacts of faculty caring on nursing students' intent to graduate and provide recommendations. The nursing profession continues to face nursing shortages. One of the solutions recognized to alleviate the shortage is increasing the number of students graduating from nursing schools. It lacks a literature review synthesizing the current research about the impacts of faculty caring on nursing students' intent to graduate and indicate areas for future research. METHODS: This is a systematic literature review. The search of the literature was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Databases searched included MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Search. Search terms included 'attrition,' 'dropouts,' 'graduation rate,' 'faculty,' 'instructor,' 'professor,' 'nursing,' and 'caring.' RESULTS: Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles were conducted in the Associate Degree of Nursing and the Bachelor of Science in Nursing programs. Nursing faculties played a significant role in students' intent to graduate by building students' confidence, creating a compassionate learning environment, and promoting students' competence. Faculties' caring behaviors, including respecting students, showing empathy, and using caring communication skills, were essential characteristics to affect students' learning environments. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that students' perceptions of faculty caring can affect their perceptions of the learning environment and sense of belonging, and therefore, impact their intent to graduate. Students' perceptions of their instructors' caring behaviors are instrumental in motivating them to continue learning. The capacity of faculty caring plays a significant role in students' success.